The course is the second in the History of Art and Architecture sequence required for students in Architecture and Graphic Design. It surveys medieval art, architecture and the city from the fourth to the fourteenth centuries, including the Byzantine, Ummayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, Romanesque, Gothic, Ayyubid and Mamluk periods. The course is an analytical study of major developments, artists and monuments that emphasizes issues rather than objects. Most issues are concerned less with defined periods and major formal distinctions and more with cultural productions, their ideological framework, and socio-political significance.